miseror Latin · revision 31458

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈmɪ.sɛ.rɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈmiː.s̬e.ror]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''miseror''' (present infinitive miserārī, perfect active miserātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ An active form ''miserō'' is found in Accius and an inscription.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|miser|t=wretched]] with the verb suffix [[m|la|-or]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨miser⟩ to [[itc-pro|*misro-]] and, with a query, [[ine-pro|*mh₂isro-]], comparing [[xto|msär|t=difficult]]; it may be connected with [[m|la|maereō|t=to grieve]], but no accepted Indo-European pedigree has been found.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has “who is that woman who is pitying herself?” in the ''Epidicus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to view with compassion or feel sorry for, also with a genitive, and above all to express sorrow or pity aloud, to lament or bewail, as Caesar's soldiers who lamented their own death or commended their parents, and Sallust's speakers who deplored the fate of the state in grand terms.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Festus says that ''miserārī'' is to complain of another's misfortunes, while ''miserērī'' is to relieve the wretched.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Quintilian uses it of a speaker's appeal to pity, and Gellius of Cicero's lament.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein makes ''miserērī'' feeling pity in the heart and ''miserārī'' expressing it in words.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin treats it with ''misereor''.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a woman pitying herself.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius has the active form.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of soldiers lamenting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of deploring the state's fate.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To pity, feel sorry for, [[m|en|commiserate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|lament]], [[m|en|bewail]], deplore (aloud).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[commiseror]]

+ * [[immiseror]]

+ * [[miserābilis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[miser]]

+ * [[misereor]]

+ * [[miseria]]

+ * [[miserātiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}