constanter Latin · revision 31457

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *sth₂-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kõːˈstan.tɛr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [konˈstan.ter]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōnstanter''' (comparative cōnstantius, superlative cōnstantissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|cōnstāns|t=steady, firm]] with the adverb suffix [[m|la|-ter]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ⟨cōnstāns⟩ is the participle of [[m|la|cōnstō|t=to stand firm]], from [[m|la|con-]] and [[m|la|stō|t=to stand]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*sta-ē-je/o-|t=to stand]] and [[ine-pro|*sth₂-eh₁-ie/o-|t=to stand]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Cicero as its first author,^(Köbler 2010) who has the creator who “remained steadily in his own state” in his ''Timaeus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is without change, evenly or steadily, and of conduct in a settled manner; it is continually or persistently, as Cicero's “that you most constantly love those whom others hate most bitterly”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It is with firmness of purpose, resolutely, as Cicero's “will you not bear it firmly and calmly?”, and in Apuleius firmly, without ado.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It is steadfastly or loyally, as Livy's men who held faithfully to an old decree, and consistently or in agreement, as Cicero's conspirators who answered briefly and consistently.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of steadiness and resolve.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of loyalty to a decree.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius of firm votes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Steadily, evenly, without change.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Continually, [[m|en|persistently]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Firmly, [[m|en|resolutely]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|steadfastly|alt=Steadfastly]], loyally.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Consistently; in agreement.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cōnstāns]]

+ * [[cōnstantia]]

+ * [[cōnstō]]

+ * [[stō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}