parce Latin · revision 31456

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpar.keː], [ˈpar.kɛ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpar.t͡ʃe], [ˈpar.t͡ʃe]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parcē''' (comparative parcius, superlative parcissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|parcus|t=thrifty, sparing]] with the adverb ending [[m|la|-ē]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ⟨parcus⟩ belongs to [[m|la|parcō|t=to spare]], whose origin is unclear: de Vaan rejects the LIV's link with Sanskrit “to fill, mix” and reports the proposal of Keller and Weiss, ⟨*pe-h₂erk-⟩ “to hold off”, to the root of [[m|la|arceō|t=to keep off]], which he reconstructs as [[ine-pro|*h₂er(ḱ)-|t=to hold]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has “so I would keep her and live so thriftily” in the ''Truculentus'', and “you call him a very stingy man” in the ''Aulularia'';^(OLD 2012) Köbler gives Terence.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is thriftily, frugally or economically, and in a bad sense meanly or stingily, as Plautus' miser.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It is also sparingly or grudgingly, as Turpilius' “let him serve his desires moderately and sparingly”, and to a limited degree or moderately, as Valerius Maximus' soldier reproached for having taken a weapon too little into his body;^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) Solinus uses the comparative for land that is less fruitful.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “sparingly, moderately”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of thrift and stinginess.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|frugally|alt=Frugally]], thriftily;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) meanly, [[m|en|stingily]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|sparingly|alt=Sparingly]], grudgingly;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) moderately, cautiously.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[parcus]]

+ * [[parcō]]

+ * [[parsimōnia]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}