exterreo Latin · revision 31438

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *tros-eie-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈstɛr.re.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ekˈstɛr.re.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exterreō''' (present infinitive exterrēre, perfect active exterruī, supine exterritum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ex-|t=out]] and [[m|la|terreō|t=to frighten]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨terreō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*tros-eje-|t=to scare]] and [[ine-pro|*tros-eie-|t=to make scared]], cognate with [[xum|tursitu|t=let him scare]], [[sa|त्रसन्ति|tr=trásanti|t=they tremble]] and [[grc|τρέω|tr=tréō|t=to tremble, flee]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Ennius,^(de Vaan 2008) whose ''Annals'', quoted by Cicero, have Ilia telling her dream in tears, “startled out of sleep”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to strike with terror, scare or frighten, and with an ablative to frighten out of something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short note that Cicero and Caesar use it only in the passive, as Caesar's soldiers terrified by the sudden danger;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tacitus has Germanicus frightening the legions with his look.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Virgil a snake is roused or made wild by the heat.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin keeps it as “frighten”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of a woman startled out of sleep.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of fear at novelty.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of soldiers terrified by a sudden danger.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of legions frightened by a look.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To strike with [[m|en|terror|alt=terror]], [[m|en|terrify]], scare.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To frighten (out of).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[terreō]]

+ * [[perterreō]]

+ * [[dēterreō]]

+ * [[absterreō]]

+ * [[terror]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}