inveho Latin · revision 31425

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ueǵʰ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪn.we.(ɦ)oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈiɱ.ve.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''invehō''' (present infinitive invehere, perfect active invē̆xī, supine invectum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|in-|t=in, into; against]] and [[m|la|vehō|t=to carry]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) ⟨vehō⟩ goes back to [[itc-pro|*weχ-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*ueǵʰ-e/o-|t=to carry]], cognate with [[sa|वहति|tr=váhati|t=carries, conveys]], [[grc|ὄχος|tr=ókhos|t=cart]], [[lt|vèžti|t=to carry]] and [[cu|вести|tr=vesti|t=to carry]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has “Oh, proudly you attack me!” in the ''Mercator'', the passive in the sense “to inveigh”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its active is to carry or bring in, as Livy's supplies brought in from the Samnite mountains, and of rivers to carry along, as the island made of things the river carried down; it is to import, as Varro's knives not yet imported from Bithynia, and figuratively to bring in or introduce, as Cicero's troubles introduced by eloquent men.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Vitruvius uses it of beams that carry the floors of porticoes.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In the passive it is to ride, drive or sail into a place, as Cicero's men sailing into harbour, or with the vehicle named, as Virgil's “drawn by horses”; in the passive or with ''sē'' it is to ride or charge in to attack, as in Livy.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The passive with ''in'' is also to attack with words, to inveigh against, as in Plautus and Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “bear, carry in, attack, introduce”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''inveigh'' came from it in the late 15th century, first as “to introduce”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of verbal attack.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of imported knives.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of sailing into harbour.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of supplies brought in and of cavalry charges.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 15th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|inveigh]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To carry or bring in; to [[m|en|import]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) to introduce.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(passive)'' To ride, drive or sail in.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(passive or reflexive)'' To ride in to attack, charge, assail.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(passive)'' To attack with words, [[m|en|inveigh]] (against).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To support, carry.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[invectiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vehō]]

+ * [[advehō]]

+ * [[invectīvus]]

+ * [[en|inveigh]]

+ * [[en|invective]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}