pallium Latin · revision 31416

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpal.li.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpal.li.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pallium''' ''n'' (genitive palliī or pallī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is often spelled ''palleum'' in inscriptions and manuscripts, which the grammarian Charisius rejects.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is related to [[m|la|palla|t=a woman's mantle]], but its further origin is unknown.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan finds no etymology for ⟨palla⟩: it could go back to a form such as ⟨*pHl-n-⟩, or have the full grade seen in [[m|la|pellis|t=skin]], but it may well be a loanword.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler compares a root [[ine-pro|*pel-|t=to cover]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ Isidore of Seville explained it from ⟨pellis⟩, since people once wore skins over their clothes, or from ⟨palla⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has “shake out your cloak” in the ''Aulularia'';^(OLD 2012) Köbler gives Naevius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a rectangular cloth worn draped as an outer garment, mainly by men, the Greek ''himation'', and so the typical Greek dress, as Cicero's Verres at women's dinner parties in a purple cloak and a long tunic.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also a bed cover or other covering, as in Varro, Ovid and Juvenal.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Etymonline notes that in Tertullian it is the garment Christians wore instead of the toga.^(Etymonline)

+

+ In Church Latin it is a cloth or garment, an altar cover and a cloak, and the archbishop's pallium, a band of white wool with two hanging strips worn over the shoulders.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin also uses it of a monk's habit, a nun's veil and a liturgical cope.^(Niermeyer 1976) Old English took it as ''pæll'', whence English ''pall''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a cloak.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of coverlets.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a Greek purple cloak.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian of the Christians' cloak.^(Etymonline)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|cloak]], a Greek mantle.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A bed cover, [[m|en|coverlet]], covering.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' An altar cloth; the archbishop's [[m|en|pallium]].^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A monk's habit; a nun's veil; a liturgical cope.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[palliastrum]]

+ * [[palliātus]]

+ * [[palliō]]

+ * [[palliolum]]

+ * [[tunicopallium]]

+ * [[palliolātim]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[palliolātus]]

+ * [[palla]]

+ * [[en|pall]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}