eruditus Latin · revision 31413

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ērudītus''' (feminine ērudīta, neuter ērudītum, comparative ērudītior, superlative ērudītissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the participle of [[m|la|ērudiō|t=to instruct, educate]], used as an adjective.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010) The verb is formed from [[m|la|ex-|t=out of]], [[m|la|rudis|t=rough, untrained]] and the verb suffix [[m|la|-iō]], so “to bring out of the raw state”.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan reports two competing origins for ⟨rudis⟩: a link with [[goh|grioz|t=sand, gravel]] and [[lt|grúdas|t=corn]], which needs a lost initial consonant, and the derivation from the word for “red” that most handbooks prefer, though nothing in its meaning points to red.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Cicero as its first author;^(Köbler 2010) in the ''De finibus'' Epicurus is not polished in the arts whose masters are called learned.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of people it is well instructed, accomplished or learned, as Cicero's idle and talkative Greek who is perhaps learned and trained, and his Scaevola, most learned in civil law; it takes an ablative or ''in'', in Gellius an accusative, and in Tacitus an infinitive.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of faculties, words and actions it is learned or refined, as Cicero's more learned way of teaching, the learned dust of mathematicians, Columella's trained palates, and Tacitus' Petronius, a man of refined luxury.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “informed, instructed”.^(Stelten 1995) Köbler finds it in the Bible and the councils.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of learned men.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of trained palates.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of Petronius' refined luxury.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Well instructed, accomplished, [[m|en|learned]], [[m|en|erudite]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # (of faculties, words, actions) Learned, skilled, [[m|en|refined]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ērudiō]]

+ * [[ērudītiō]]

+ * [[rudis]]

+ * [[doctus]]

+ * [[en|erudite]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A noun ''ērudītus'', of the fourth declension, meaning “instruction”, occurs once, in Tertullian.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}