irrideo Latin · revision 31409

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la rīdeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪrˈriː.de.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [irˈriː.de.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''irrīdeō''' (present infinitive irrīdēre, perfect active irrīsī, supine irrīsum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inrīdeō'',^(OLD 2012) which the manuscripts have more often than ''irr-'';^(TLL) Marcus Brutus has a form ''irrīdō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Caecilius has the old passive infinitive ''inrīdier''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|in-|t=at, against]] and [[m|la|rīdeō|t=to laugh]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan finds no good Indo-European etymology for ⟨rīdeō⟩ and calls the old link with [[sa|व्रीडते|tr=vrīḍate|t=is shy]] gratuitous in meaning.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it from Plautus,^(TLL) who has “I will be laughed at all over town” in the ''Captivi''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to laugh at, mock or make fun of people, and of things, as Plautus' “I would much rather be praised than have others mock my looks”;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero has the Stoics who laugh because we think such things shameful.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Used absolutely it is to jest or jeer, as Plautus' “you rascal, are you laughing?” and Terence's “you jest in so serious a matter”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to have the laugh on someone or make a fool of him, as Plautus' “he will never make a fool of me”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “mock, laugh at”.^(Stelten 1995) Döderlein says that ''rīdēre'' is a joyful and moderate laugh, against ''cachinnārī'', loud unrestrained laughter.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of being laughed at.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of joking about serious things.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the mocking Stoics.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To laugh at, [[m|en|mock]], [[m|en|ridicule]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(absolute)'' To jest, jeer.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make a fool of.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[irrīsiō]]

+ * [[irrīsor]]

+ * [[irrīsus]]

+ * [[irrīdenter]]

+ * [[irrīdiculum]]

+ * [[irrīsibilis]]

+ * [[irrīsīvē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[arrīdeō]]

+ * [[corrīdeō]]

+ * [[dērīdeō]]

+ * [[rīdeō]]

+ * [[subrīdeō]]

+ * [[surrīdeō]]

+ * [[rīsus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}