sublevo Latin · revision 31402

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *h₁legʷʰ-u-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsʊb.ɫɛ.woː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsub.le.vo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sublevō''' (present infinitive sublevāre, perfect active sublevāvī, supine sublevātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|sub-|t=from below]] and [[m|la|levō|t=to lift, lighten]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ⟨levō⟩ is made from [[m|la|levis|t=light]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*leχu-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁legʷʰ-u-|t=light]], cognate with [[sa|रघु|tr=raghú-|t=fleet, fast]], [[grc|ἐλαχύς|tr=elakhús|t=small]] and [[lt|leñgvas|t=light]].^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Early examples are in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', of a man who propped his chin on his left hand, and in Cicero, of clients helped by advice and influence.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to lift or help to rise, as Caesar's elks that cannot raise themselves once fallen, and his soldiers helped up the ascent; it is to hold up or support, as Pliny the Elder's bees carrying their tired king on their shoulders, and with ''sē'' to get up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Frontinus uses it of arches raised to a height, and Terentianus Maurus of raising the voice.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Figuratively it is to help a person or state with support, to back up or encourage, and to further an activity.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is also to make easier or alleviate, as Varro's Appius who lightened your part, to allay fears, as Tacitus' flattery that eased fear, and to make up for a fault, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Church Latin glosses it “exalt, lift or raise up, support, sustain, console”,^(Stelten 1995) and the Vulgate has ''sublevāre oculōs'', to raise the eyes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of clients supported by patrons.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of elks and soldiers.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of fear allayed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate of raising the eyes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To lift up, raise, hold up, [[m|en|support]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(reflexive)'' to get up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To help, sustain, [[m|en|encourage]]; to further.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To lighten, [[m|en|alleviate]]; to allay; to make up for.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To exalt; to console.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[levō]]

+ * [[levis]]

+ * [[relevō]]

+ * [[ēlevō]]

+ * [[allevō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}