patera Latin · revision 31394

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''patera''' ''f'' (genitive paterae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is perhaps from [[m|la|pateō|t=to be open, spread out]], for its broad open shape; the OLD compares [[m|la|patina|t=dish]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Others connect Greek [[m|grc|πατάνη|tr=patánē|t=flat dish]].^(TLL) Ortiz compares an Etruscan word ⟨pataras⟩ cut on a vessel, but the TLL notes that if he is right it is unclear whether the Etruscan or the Latin word came first.^(TLL) De Vaan takes ⟨pateō⟩ as an inner-Italic stative built on ⟨*pat-⟩, from the root of [[m|la|pandō|t=to spread]], [[ine-pro|*pt-n(é)-h₂-|t=to spread]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has a golden bowl in the ''Amphitruo'';^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler too gives Plautus.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a broad, shallow bowl or dish, used above all to pour libations in sacrifice, as Ovid's wine poured from a bowl on marble altars and Virgil's libations from bowls of gold.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Sallust tells of human blood carried round in bowls by Catiline's conspirators, and Cicero of Themistocles catching a bull's blood in one.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro and Macrobius discuss it, and Festus explains ''pateram perplovere'' in ritual as a bowl with a hole.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “shallow bowl”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a golden bowl.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of the conspirators' bowls of blood.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of libations from golden bowls.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A broad, shallow [[m|en|bowl]] or dish, especially for pouring [[m|en|libation|alt=libations]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[patella]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pateō]]

+ * [[patina]]

+ * [[simpulum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}