proscribo Latin · revision 31374

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *skreibʰ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [proːsˈkriː.boː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [prosˈkriː.bo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōscrībō''' (present infinitive prōscrībere, perfect active prōscrīpsī, supine prōscrīptum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ An inscribed law spells it ''proscreib-''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|prō-|t=before, in front]] and [[m|la|scrībō|t=to write]], literally “to write in front of”.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) De Vaan derives ⟨scrībō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*skreif-e/o-|t=to carve]] and [[ine-pro|*skreibʰ-e/o-|t=to carve]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in a law inscribed on bronze, which orders names to be posted up openly in the forum, and in Cicero's speeches against Verres, of a contract let out on a day not publicly announced.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to announce publicly in writing or post up, as Cicero's “he had it posted up that he wanted the senate to attend in full”, and in Ulpian to record in writing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is to advertise something for sale or lease, as Cicero's “I have advertised my Tusculan villa”, and to announce the forced sale of confiscated property, as in Cicero's speech on the agrarian law.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ It is to publish someone's name in a list of outlaws, to proscribe or outlaw, as in Cicero's ''Pro Cluentio'', Nepos' account of Antony's hatred of Cicero's friends, and Florus of the dictator Sulla's proscription of his enemies.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Petronius uses it of faces “written over” with brands.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “publish, make known publicly, proscribe, outlaw”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''proscribe'', in the early 15th century, first meant to write in front, to prefix.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of notices, sales and outlawing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos of Antony's wish to proscribe Cicero's friends.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of the outlawed Rupilius Rex.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|proscribe]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|publish|alt=publish]] in writing, post up; to record in writing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|advertise]] (for sale or lease); to announce the confiscation of (property).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|proscribe]], [[m|en|outlaw]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To write over, inscribe.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[prōscrīptiō]]

+ * [[proscriptor]]

+ * [[prōscrīptūra]]

+ * [[prōscrīpturiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[scrībō]]

+ * [[īnscrībō]]

+ * [[en|proscribe]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}