vadimonium Latin · revision 31361

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *uodʰ-s}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vadimōnium''' ''n'' (genitive vadimōniī or vadimōnī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ In Medieval Latin it is also spelled ''wadimonium'' and ''badimonium''.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|vas|t=surety, bail]] with the suffix [[m|la|-mōnium]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives ⟨vas⟩ from [[itc-pro|*woss]] and [[ine-pro|*uodʰ-s|t=one who leads the defendant to court]], cognate with [[lt|vãdas|t=guarantee, surety]] and [[got|𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌹|tr=wadi|t=pledge]].^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary suggests a link with an Oscan ⟨vaamunim⟩.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cato asks “what if you had appeared for your bail with your head covered?” in a speech;^(OLD 2012) Köbler gives Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a guarantee secured by bail that a defendant will appear before the magistrate on a set day, as Cicero's country people who come to Rome for a ''vadimōnium''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Many legal phrases use it: ''vadimōnium facere'' to give such an undertaking, ''sistere'' to appear as promised, ''dēserere'' to fail to appear, ''differre'' to postpone the day, and ''rēs est in vadimōnium'', the stage after it is given, all in Cicero's ''Pro Quinctio''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is an appointment kept, as Manilius' dawn that brings back the day's appointed labours.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “promise secured by bail”.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it is the rod given as a token when one promises to prove one's case, a statement under warranty, a pledge or security, a pledge taken by distraint, and a payment for a marriage licence.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of appearing for bail.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the legal phrases.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A promise secured by [[m|en|bail|alt=bail]] to appear in court; [[m|en|recognizance]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''vadimōnium sistere'', to appear;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''dēserere'', to default.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # An appointment, engagement.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A pledge, security; a token rod of warranty.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vas]]

+ * [[praes]]

+ * [[sponsiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}