unguentum Latin · revision 31360

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₃engʷ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ʊŋˈɡʷɛn.tũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [uŋˈɡʷɛn.tum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''unguentum''' ''n'' (genitive unguentī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has a genitive plural ''unguentum''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Apuleius and inscriptions spell it ''ungentum''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|unguen|t=ointment]], from [[m|la|unguō|t=to anoint]], with an ending like [[m|la|-mentum]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Etymonline) De Vaan derives ⟨unguō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*ongw-e-|t=to anoint]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃engʷ-e/o-|t=to anoint]], and ⟨unguen⟩ from [[itc-pro|*ongw-en-|t=ointment]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|umen|t=ointment]], [[sga|imb|t=butter]] and [[sa|अनक्ति|tr=anákti|t=anoints]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has “not everyone can smell of foreign perfumes” in the ''Mostellaria'';^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler also gives Plautus.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is an ointment, unguent or perfume.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) In inscriptions ''ad unguenta'' and ''ab unguentīs'' name a household slave in charge of the perfumes.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “ointment, fragrant oil, perfume”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''unguent'', about 1400, is taken from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of foreign perfumes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius has the spelling ''ungentum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1400 – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|unguent]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|ointment|alt=ointment]], [[m|en|unguent]]; [[m|en|perfume]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''ad unguenta'', ''ab unguentīs'': a slave in charge of perfumes.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[unguentārius]]

+ * [[unguentō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[unguō]]

+ * [[unguen]]

+ * [[en|unguent]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}