fraternus Latin · revision 31355

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=220–130 BC, Pacuvius|origins=ine-pro *bʰréh₂-tr-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [fraːˈtɛr.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [fraˈtɛr.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''frāternus''' (feminine frāterna, neuter frāternum, adverb frāternē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|frāter|t=brother]] with [[m|la|-nus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) De Vaan derives ⟨frāter⟩ from [[itc-pro|*frāter-]] and [[ine-pro|*bʰréh₂-tr-|t=brother]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|frater|t=brothers]], [[sa|भ्रातृ|tr=bhrā́tṛ|t=brother]], [[grc|φράτηρ|tr=phrā́tēr|t=member of a brotherhood]] and [[lt|brólis|t=brother]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Pacuvius has “a brother's exile”;^(OLD 2012) Köbler also gives Pacuvius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is of or belonging to a brother or brothers, as Caesar's man moved by brotherly love and by public opinion, and in an unknown tragedy of a cousin, where Ajax claims the right to his cousin Achilles' arms.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is fitting for a brother, brotherly or fraternal, as Cicero's “how generous, how brotherly an invitation!”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary also gives “of a kinsman” and “friendly, close”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “fraternal, brotherly”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius of a brother's exile.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a brotherly invitation.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of brotherly love.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of a [[m|en|brother|alt=brother]] or brothers; of a cousin or kinsman.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Brotherly, [[m|en|fraternal]]; friendly, close.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[frāternitās]]

+ * [[frāternālis]]

+ * [[frāternē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[frāter]]

+ * [[frāterculus]]

+ * [[frātricīda]]

+ * [[frātricīdium]]

+ * [[frātruēlis]]

+ * [[māternus]]

+ * [[paternus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}