draw English · revision 3133

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=before 900|origins=ine-pro *dhregh-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /drɔː/, US /drɑː/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|drawen]], earlier dragen,^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) [[inh|ang|dragan|t=to drag, draw, protract]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[gem-pro|*draganą|alt=*draganan]] “to draw, pull”,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) the source also of Old Norse draga “to drag, pull”, Old Saxon dragan and Old High German tragan (German tragen) “to carry”, and Gothic gadragan.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) It is from [[ine-pro|*dhregh-]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) as are Russian doroga and Polish droga “road”.^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) Many of its uses copy Latin trahere, but the two are not related.^(Barnhart 1988) The spelling with w came about because a + g in the Old English stem became a diphthong.^(Barnhart 1988) It is related to [[drag]] and [[draught]].^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) The noun is from the verb.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To pull, tug: Old English dragan, before 900, in Alfred's ''Pastoral Care'';^(Barnhart 1988) Middle English drawen is from about 1200.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ “To pull out a weapon” is from the late 12th century, of a sword.^(Etymonline) About 1200 it meant “to trace a line or figure”, by drawing a pen across a surface,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) and “to pull a bowstring”.^(Etymonline) Dragging a criminal at a horse's tail to execution is ''drawing'' from about 1300,^(Etymonline) and selecting a lot from about 1300.^(Etymonline) Of a ship, “to displace water”, is from the 1550s, and ''draw out'', “to prolong”, also from the 1550s.^(Etymonline) “To attract a crowd” is from the 1580s.^(Etymonline) In cards, “to take a card”, is by 1772, and ''to draw the line'' figuratively by 1793.^(Etymonline) The noun meant an act of pulling about 1400;^(Etymonline) a game ending without a winner is first in ''drawn match'' (1610s), perhaps from ''withdraw'',^(Etymonline) and an attraction that draws a crowd from 1881.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 900 – to pull.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * late 12th century – to draw a sword.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1200 – to draw a line.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1300 – to draw lots.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1400 – noun, an act of pulling.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1580s – to attract a crowd.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1610s – ''drawn match''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1793 – ''draw the line''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1881 – an attraction.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make a picture or diagram with lines.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To pull or [[drag]]; to move by pulling: ''draw the curtains''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To take out: ''draw a sword'', ''draw money from the bank''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To [[attract]]: ''the show drew large crowds''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To move steadily: ''the train drew into the station''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To end a game with neither side winning.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To reach a conclusion: ''draw a lesson''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A game that ends without a winner; a tie.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # The choosing of lots; a [[lottery]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # An attraction that draws a crowd.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[drawable]]

+ * [[drawcard]]

+ * [[drawdown]]

+ * [[redraw]]

+ * [[quick draw]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[drag]]

+ * [[draught]]

+ * [[draft]]

+ * [[dray]]

+ * [[drawer]]

+ * [[drawing]]

+ * [[withdraw]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The past tense is ''drew'' and the past participle ''drawn''.^(Hoad 1986)^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}