insanio Latin · revision 31313

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la sānus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ĩːˈsaː.ni.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [inˈsaː.ni.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsāniō''' (present infinitive īnsānīre, perfect active īnsānīvī or īnsāniī, supine īnsānītum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive^(Wiktionary)

+ Terence has an imperfect ''īnsānībat''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|īnsānus|t=insane]] with the verb suffix [[m|la|-iō]]; the adjective is [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[m|la|sānus|t=healthy, sane]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan gives ⟨sānus⟩ as [[itc-pro|*sāno-]], but calls the reconstruction ⟨*seh₂-no-⟩ purely mechanical: it may come from a root ⟨*seh₂-⟩ “to tie”, “what is in place”, or from the root of [[m|la|satis|t=enough]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has “I'm done for, by Hercules, the poor wretch is mad” in the ''Cistellaria'' and “you're mad, man” in the ''Epidicus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to be out of one's mind or mad, as a medical term of people, and also through supernatural possession, as Horace's ''īnsānīre iuvat'', “it is a joy to rave”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More often it is to behave like a madman, act crazily or rave, as in Plautus, and with ''in'' to have a mad passion for, as Horace's man mad for freedwomen.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Of sea and wind it is to rage, as Horace's raging Bosporus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Lewis and Short set it beside ''furō'', ''dēlīrō'' and ''dēsipiō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “be mad or insane, rage”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a madman.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of raving, mad passion and the raging Bosporus.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|insane|alt=insane]], be mad.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To act like a madman, [[m|en|rave]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''īnsānīre in'', to be madly in love with.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of sea, wind)'' To [[m|en|rage]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[īnsānus]]

+ * [[īnsānia]]

+ * [[sānus]]

+ * [[furō]]

+ * [[dēlīrō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}