taeda Latin · revision 31309

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=borrowing|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=grc δᾴς}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtae̯.da]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtɛː.da]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''taeda''' ''f'' (genitive taedae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''tēda''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ Lucretius has an old genitive ''taedāī''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|δᾴς|tr=dáis|t=torch, pinewood]], taken from its accusative [[m|grc|δᾷδα|tr=dâida]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler says it came through Etruscan, and Wiktionary that the intermediary is unknown.^(Köbler 2010)^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short call the origin doubtful and compare [[m|la|taedet|t=it wearies]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Ennius as its first author,^(Köbler 2010) who has “with burning torches”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is resinous pinewood, especially for fires and torches, as Caesar's casks filled with pinewood and pitch, and Pliny the Elder says the lowest parts of the fir are called ''taedae'';^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Celsus uses it of pine resin.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is a pine torch, as in Ennius, and the torch carried at a wedding, as Catullus' wedding torches of Thetis, so that in poetry it stands for marriage itself.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is also the pine tree, as in Horace, a board of pinewood, and a small piece of pork fat for a burnt offering.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “torch, pine tree, board of pine”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of burning torches.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of wedding torches.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of pinewood.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of a pine tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Resinous [[m|en|pinewood]]; pine resin; a board of pinewood.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A pine [[m|en|torch]]; a wedding torch;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(poetic)'' marriage.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A [[m|en|pine]] tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A small piece of pork fat for a burnt offering.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[taedifer]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fax]]

+ * [[fūnāle]]

+ * [[pīnus]]

+ * [[pīx]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein gives ''fax'' as the general word for any torch, ''taeda'' a natural torch of pinewood, and ''fūnāle'' a made torch of wax.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}