abundo Latin · revision 31294

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *ud-ōr}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aˈbʊn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aˈbun.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''abundō''' (present infinitive abundāre, perfect active abundāvī, supine abundātum); first conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ab-|t=from, away]] and [[m|la|undō|t=to surge, rise in waves]], from [[m|la|unda|t=wave]], literally to flow over.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan derives ⟨unda⟩ from the word for water, [[itc-pro|*udōr]] with an oblique stem ⟨*udn-⟩, from [[ine-pro|*ud-ōr|t=water]], the collective “body of water” being taken as “wave”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|utur|t=water]], [[grc|ὕδωρ|tr=húdōr|t=water]], [[hit|wātar|t=water]] and [[got|𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉|tr=wato|t=water]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Terence has “as if he were not rich in wealth” in the ''Heauton timorumenos'',^(OLD 2012) and Accius “by the ancient overflowing river”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to overflow, as Lucretius' rivers that flood the plains, also to flow or ooze out of something and to be full of a liquid;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Apuleius has a woman's dress billowing in loose folds.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short contrast it with ''redundāre'', to flood over with a great mass of water.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ With the ablative or genitive it is to be plentifully supplied, to be rich in or abound in, said of places, as Sisenna's land rich in pine and myrtle, of people and of abstract things.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Used alone it is to have plenty of money or more than enough.^(OLD 2012) The Vulgate uses it of overflowing sufferings and consolation in Paul's letters.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it “abound, overflow, be rich”,^(Stelten 1995) and in Medieval Latin it is to invest surplus capital.^(Wiktionary) Through Old French it gave English [[m|en|abound]] in the early 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a man rich in wealth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius of an overflowing river.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 120–67 BC – Sisenna of land abounding in pines.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of rivers flooding the plains.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''abound'', through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|overflow]]; to flow out; to be full (of a liquid).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|abound]] (in), be rich (in), be plentifully supplied (with).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To have plenty; to have more than enough; to exceed.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To invest (surplus capital).^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abundantia]]

+ * [[abundātiō]]

+ * [[abundus]]

+ * [[exabundo]]

+ * [[superabundō]]

+ * [[abundāns]]

+ * [[abundanter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abundē]]

+ * [[undō]]

+ * [[unda]]

+ * [[redundō]]

+ * [[inundō]]

+ * [[en|abound]]

+ * [[en|abundant]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein contrasts ''abundāre'', plenty in a good sense, full measure and affluence, with ''redundāre'', in a bad sense, over-abundance and luxury.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}