prout Latin · revision 31288

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *pro, ine-pro *kʷu-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpro.ʊt]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈprɔː.ut]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prout''' ^(Wiktionary)

+ Horace scans it as one syllable.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|prō|t=in front of; in proportion to]] and [[m|la|ut|t=as]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives ⟨prō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*prō]] and [[ine-pro|*pro|t=in front of, before]], cognate with [[osc|pru|t=before, for]] and [[grc|πρό|tr=pró|t=before, forth]], and ⟨ut⟩ from [[itc-pro|*kʷutV(s)|t=how]], from the interrogative stem [[ine-pro|*kʷu-|t=where, how]], cognate with [[osc|puz|t=that, as]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Cicero as its first author,^(Köbler 2010) who speaks of silver plate that was enough “as the means of a man of Thermae allowed”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is according as or in proportion as, as in Cicero, and with ''ita'' it introduces alternatives, according to whether … or, as Seneca's animals coloured according to whether they receive the light straight or slanting.^(OLD 2012) It is also in so far as or inasmuch as, as Livy's small golden crown given to Jupiter “inasmuch as their means were not great”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “according to, in proportion to, just as, insofar as”,^(Stelten 1995) and in medieval Latin it is also in order that.^(Niermeyer 1976) Köbler finds it often in charters, councils and the law codes.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero in the sense “according as”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy in the sense “inasmuch as”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca introduces alternatives with it.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # According as, in [[m|en|proportion]] as; just as;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''prout … ita'', according to whether … or.^(OLD 2012)

+ # In so far as, [[m|en|inasmuch as]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' In order that.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[prō]]

+ * [[ut]]

+ * [[sīcut]]

+ * [[quātenus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}