adnuo Latin · revision 31287

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *neu-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈan.nu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈad.nu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adnuō''' (present infinitive adnuere, perfect active adnuī, supine adnūtum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''annuō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ Ennius has a perfect ''adnūit'' with a long ''u''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ad-|t=to, towards]] and the verb ⟨*nuō⟩ “to nod”, found only in compounds.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives ⟨-nuō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*nowe/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*neu-e/o-|t=to nod]], the root also of [[m|la|nūtus|t=nod]] and [[m|la|nūmen|t=nod; divine will]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|νεύω|tr=neúō|t=to nod, beckon]] and [[sga|ad·noí|t=entrusts]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has it of a bid at an auction, “hey, did you nod?”, in the ''Stichus'', and of assent in the ''Truculentus'': “will you give or not? They nod.”^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to make a sign, usually with the head, to beckon or nod, to signal a command, and at an auction to nod a bid.^(OLD 2012) More often it is to nod assent or agreement, and of things to be consistent with or permit.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Of the gods it is to grant a prayer, as Catullus' ruler of heaven who nodded with unconquerable will, to grant or promise, as Virgil's “you to whom you grant the citadel of heaven”, and to give favour or support, as Virgil's ''audācibus adnue coeptīs'', “favour my bold undertaking”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It is also to approve, as Pliny the Elder's fish that give answers to the local people by snatching the food.^(OLD 2012) Ancient glossaries render it “consent, favour, pledge, promise, allow, grant”.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a nod at an auction and of assent.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of Jupiter granting a prayer.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil: ''audācibus adnue coeptīs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|nod]], beckon, make a sign; to nod a bid (at an auction).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To nod [[m|en|assent]], agree; to permit.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To grant (a prayer); to grant, promise.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)

+ # To approve;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''(of the gods)'' to [[m|en|favour]], support.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[annūtō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abnuō]]

+ * [[innuō]]

+ * [[nūtus]]

+ * [[nūtō]]

+ * [[nūmen]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}