conscendo Latin · revision 31284

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *skend-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kõːˈskɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kon̠ʲˈʃɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōnscendō''' (present infinitive cōnscendere, perfect active cōnscendī, supine cōnscēnsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|con-]] and [[m|la|scandō|t=to climb]], with the vowel weakened.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives ⟨scandō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*skand-e/o-|t=to ascend]] and [[ine-pro|*skend-|t=to jump up, ascend]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|sceinnid|t=jumps]] and [[sa|स्कन्दति|tr=skándati|t=leaps]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has ''nāvem cōnscendō'', “I go aboard ship”, in the ''Mercator''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to go on board a ship, and used alone to embark, as Cicero's “I embarked from that place to cross over”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is to mount a horse or chariot, as Lucretius' chariot and a rider in the ''Bellum Hispaniense'' who mounted and fled.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is also to climb or scale anything high, as Catullus' steep mountains, and of things to spread upwards, as Lucilius' scab climbing up to the eyes.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It is to climb to a point, as Virgil's sun that had reached the middle of the sky, and to rise to a position or fame, as in an epitaph.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short find it rare in prose before the Augustan period.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “ascend, mount, climb”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of boarding a ship.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius of a spreading scab.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of climbing mountains.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of the sun at midday.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To go on board (a ship); to [[m|en|embark]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|mount]] (a horse, a chariot).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To climb, [[m|en|ascend]], scale; to climb to.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To rise to (a position, fame).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cōnscēnsiō]]

+ * [[cōnscēnsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ascendō]]

+ * [[dēscendō]]

+ * [[scandō]]

+ * [[scālae]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''scandere'', climbing a steep height with effort, using hands and feet, from ''ascendere'', ''ēscendere'', ''cōnscendere'' and ''īnscendere'', which mean simply to mount.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}