adorior Latin · revision 31280

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *h₃r-i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aˈdɔ.ri.ɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aˈdɔː.ri.or]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adorior''' (present infinitive adorīrī, perfect active adortus sum); fourth conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Lucilius and Lucretius have ''adorītur'', and Suetonius and Apuleius ''adorerētur''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Gellius has a participle ''adorsus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ An active ''adoriō'' is also found.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ad-|t=to, towards]] and [[m|la|orior|t=to rise]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives ⟨orior⟩ from [[itc-pro|*or-i-|t=to rise]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃r-i-|t=to rise]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|ortom est|t=has arisen]] and [[hit|arai-|t=to rise, lift]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it once in Naevius and Ennius and three times in Plautus,^(TLL) whose old man “stands ready to attack the adulterer” in the ''Miles gloriosus'';^(OLD 2012) Ennius has the Gauls attacking the top of the citadel.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to attack, assault or assail, of people and armies, of political attacks, as Livy's man who lay in wait and attacked the state, of plague and storm, and figuratively of desire seizing the mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is to assail with threats or reproaches, as Terence's “he attacked his brother with a quarrel about that music-girl”, and to accost or approach with a request, as Terence's “why don't I accost him?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ It is also to tackle a task, set to work, and with an infinitive to attempt or begin, as Cicero's “if we try to tear up what cannot be moved”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) The TLL finds it most often in Caesar and the ''Bellum Africum''.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it “rise up, undertake”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of attacking an adulterer.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of the Gauls attacking the citadel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of accosting and reproaching.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it very often.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|attack]], [[m|en|assault]], assail.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To assail (with threats, reproaches); to [[m|en|accost]], address.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To undertake, set about; to attempt, begin.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[orior]]

+ * [[aggredior]]

+ * [[oppugnō]]

+ * [[ortus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}