supplicatio Latin · revision 31258

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pleḱ-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''supplicātiō''' ''f'' (genitive supplicātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''subplicātiō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|supplicō|t=to entreat, pray]] with the suffix [[m|la|-tiō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The verb comes from [[m|la|supplex|t=suppliant]], which de Vaan explains from ⟨*sub-plVk-⟩, a root noun of the family of [[m|la|plicō|t=to fold]], “bending upward”, from [[ine-pro|*pleḱ-|t=to plait, fold]]; others derive it from the root of [[m|la|placeō|t=to please]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it from Plautus and Cato on;^(TLL) Köbler gives Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the offering of propitiation to a god, a public prayer or religious solemnity held after fortunate or unfortunate public events, a day set apart for it.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Especially it is the thanksgiving decreed by the senate after a victory, as Cicero's senate that refused one to Gabinius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) The TLL notes it is absent from Pliny's ''Natural History'', and that among the poets only Lucretius, Virgil, Ovid, Lucan, Valerius Flaccus and Silius use it.^(TLL)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “prayer, supplication, religious act”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|supplication]] came from it, through Old French and directly, in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a thanksgiving refused to Gabinius.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''supplication''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A public [[m|en|prayer]] to the gods, a day of propitiation.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A public [[m|en|thanksgiving]] (after a victory).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Prayer, [[m|en|supplication]].^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[supplicō]]

+ * [[supplex]]

+ * [[supplicium]]

+ * [[plicō]]

+ * [[en|supplication]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}