sextus Latin · revision 31230

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *(s)weḱs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsɛk.stʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsɛk.stus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sextus''' (feminine sexta, neuter sextum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*sekstos|t=sixth]], formed from [[m|itc-pro|*seks|t=six]], the source of [[m|la|sex|t=six]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan derives the numeral from [[ine-pro|*(s)weḱs|t=six]] and the ordinal from ⟨*uks-ó-⟩, while Wiktionary reconstructs ⟨*swéḱstos⟩;^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Proto-Italic lost the /w/ of ⟨*sweks⟩ by analogy with ⟨*septm⟩ “seven”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) A Venetic name ⟨segtio⟩ “Sextiō” continues the same ordinal.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ἕξ|tr=héx|t=six]], [[got|𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃|tr=saihs|t=six]] and [[lt|šešì|t=six]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus is its first author,^(Köbler 2010) with ''hoc est sextum ā portā proxumum angiportum'', “this is the sixth alley from the gate” in the ''Pseudolus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the ordinal “sixth”, as Ovid's “the sixth milestone from the city”, and with ''decimus'' forms “sixteenth”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Sexta pars'', or the feminine alone, is a sixth part, as Cicero's sixth of an inheritance.^(OLD 2012) Statius uses ''bis sextus'' for twelve, of a consul's lictors.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin has ''sextum'', “for the sixth time”.^(Stelten 1995) Köbler records it in early medieval laws and charters.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of the sixth alley.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a sixth of an inheritance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius has ''bis sextus'' for twelve.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|sixth|alt=Sixth]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''sextus decimus'', sixteenth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''sexta pars'' (or ''sexta''): a sixth part.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''sextum'': for the sixth time.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[bisextus]]

+ * [[sexta]]

+ * [[sextadecimānī]]

+ * [[sextaneus]]

+ * [[sextānī]]

+ * [[sexticeps]]

+ * [[sextīlis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sex]]

+ * [[sēnī]]

+ * [[sexāgintā]]

+ * [[sextārius]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The [[m|en|praenomen]] ''Sextus'', abbreviated ''Sex.'', is a separate entry in the OLD.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary suggests it referred first to the month of birth, ''Sextīlis'', rather than to the order of birth.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}