salveo Latin · revision 31224

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *slH-u-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsaɫ.we.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsal.ve.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''salveō''' (present infinitive salvēre); second conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems^(Wiktionary)

+ Besides ''salvē'' the imperative has ''salvēte'' and ''salvētō'', and the infinitive is common in ''salvēre iubeō''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|salvus|t=safe, well]] with the stative suffix [[m|la|-eō]];^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary derives it from [[itc-pro|*salawēō]], and de Vaan reconstructs a Proto-Italic ⟨*salw-ē-⟩ “to be well”.^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD hesitates whether the greeting is this verb or the adverb [[m|la|salvē|t=safely]] taken as an imperative.^(OLD 2012) De Vaan traces ⟨salvus⟩ to [[ine-pro|*slH-u-|t=whole]], and compares [[xfa|salue|t=greet!]] and [[osc|salavs|t=safe]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates ''salvē'' from Naevius,^(de Vaan 2008) who has the exchange “rival, hello!” – “what's this ‘hello’?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis and Short find the verb in the sense “to be well” in finite forms only once, in a play on words; otherwise it is a greeting.^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Salvē'' is “hello!”, used in solemn addresses as “hail!”, as Ennius' ''Acherūsia templa alta Orcī salvēte īnfera'', and ''salvēre iubeō'' is to greet, as in Plautus' ''Asinaria''.^(OLD 2012) It is also said at parting, “farewell!”, as Plautus' ''valē atque salvē''.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Church Latin glosses it “be well”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius has ''salvē'' as a greeting.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus has ''salvēre iubeō'' and ''valē atque salvē''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius in a solemn address to the underworld.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be well, be in good health.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(imperative)'' ''salvē!'', ''salvēte!'': [[m|en|hello]]!, good day!; [[m|en|hail]]!^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''salvēre iubeō'': to [[m|en|greet]], bid good day.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(at parting)'' Farewell!^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[salvus]]

+ * [[salūs]]

+ * [[salūtō]]

+ * [[valeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}