adiutor Latin · revision 31223

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁euH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [adˈjuː.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [adˈjuː.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adiūtor''' ''m'' (genitive adiūtōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Inscriptions spell it ''ativtori'', ''aivtori'' and ''azvtoribvs''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ Medieval texts spell it ''adjūtor''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|adiuvō|t=to help]] with the agent suffix [[m|la|-tor]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives ⟨iuvō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*ijow-]] and the present [[ine-pro|*h₁i-h₁euH-|t=to help]], cognate with [[sa|अवति|tr=ávati|t=helps]] and [[sga|con·oí|t=protects]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus is its first author in the OLD, who has “are you now helping your son in his love affair?” in the ''Asinaria'';^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) Köbler gives Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a helper, supporter or accomplice, as Terence's “my helper, adviser and guide”, and an assistant in an official capacity, as Caesar's deputy sent to support a commander.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Inscriptions use it in the titles of officials, and it is an assistant in a trade, an assistant master in a school, or a supporting actor;^(OLD 2012) Cato counts the cost of a job “besides the assistants”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ The TLL records ''Adiūtor'' as a common slave name and cognomen, especially in Cisalpine Gaul, Illyricum and Africa.^(TLL) Church Latin glosses it “helper, assistant, coadjutor”, and in medieval Latin it is an assistant bishop.^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a helper.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of assistants on a job.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of an official deputy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|helper]], supporter; an [[m|en|accomplice]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # An official assistant, deputy; a title of various officials.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # An assistant in a trade; an assistant master; a supporting actor.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An assistant bishop, [[m|en|coadjutor]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[coadiūtor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[adiuvō]]

+ * [[iuvō]]

+ * [[adiūtrīx]]

+ * [[auxilium]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}