oppugnatio Latin · revision 31214

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la pugnus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔp.pʊŋˈnaː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [op.puɲˈɲat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''oppugnātiō''' ''f'' (genitive oppugnātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''obpugnātiō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|oppugnō|t=to attack, besiege]] with the suffix [[m|la|-tiō]]; compare [[m|la|impugnātiō]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb is formed from [[m|la|ob-|t=against]] and [[m|la|pugnō|t=to fight]], from [[m|la|pugna|t=fight]]; de Vaan puts ⟨pugnus⟩ “fist” with [[m|la|pungō|t=to prick]], from [[itc-pro|*puk/g-n(o)-|t=fist]], cognate with [[grc|πύξ|tr=púx|t=with the fist]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Cicero as its first author,^(Köbler 2010) who speaks of the storming of towns in ''De oratore''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is an attack on a town or other fortified position, an assault or siege, as in Cicero and Caesar;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Caesar's ''oppugnātiō Gallōrum'' is the Gauls' way of attacking towns.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL finds the plural from Cicero on.^(TLL) Lewis and Short also give a figurative attack or accusation.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the storming of towns.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of the Gallic way of attack.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An attack on a fortified place, [[m|en|assault]], [[m|en|siege]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' An attack, accusation.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[oppugnō]]

+ * [[pugna]]

+ * [[obsidiō]]

+ * [[expugnātiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}