inclino Latin · revision 31155

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ḱley-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪŋˈkliː.noː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [iŋˈkliː.no]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inclīnō''' (present infinitive inclīnāre, perfect active inclīnāvī, supine inclīnātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|in-|t=in, towards]] and ⟨-clīnō⟩, compare [[m|la|acclīnō|t=to lean against]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨-clīnō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*kl(e)ine/o-]] and the nasal present [[ine-pro|*ḱl-n(e)-i-|t=to lean, bend]], from the root [[m|ine-pro|*ḱley-|t=to lean]], cognate with [[grc|κλίνω|tr=klínō|t=to cause to lean]] and [[ang|hlinian|t=to lean]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD's earliest examples include Cato, who tells grafters to cut a branch slanting so that the water runs off.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to cause to lean or slope, as Livy's tower tilted when one wheel sank into a deeper rut, of the body to bend, as Ovid's oxen sinking to their knees, and to slant a cut.^(OLD 2012) The ground “inclines itself”, as Lucilius' Rhodes sloping to the Carpathian sea; it is to bend down or droop, as Martial's olive branches, and to lower, as Livy's masts.^(OLD 2012) Of the sun it is to sink from noon, of a fever to abate, as in Celsus, and in Statius to lay a wall flat.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ In war it is to drive back, and intransitively to give way, and figuratively to turn someone's mind towards something, to change or bring down, and to be inclined or favourable to something.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “bow, bend, lean, incline”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of a slanting cut.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius of sloping land.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of a tilting tower and the setting sun.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English [[m|en|incline]], by way of Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cause to lean, bend, tilt; to make sloping, ''(reflexive, of ground)'' to slope down.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To bow, bend down, ''(intransitive)'' to droop, sink, (of the sun) to go down, (of a disease) to abate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To lower; to lay flat.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(military)'' To drive back, ''(intransitive)'' to give way.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To turn (the mind) towards; to change, ''(intransitive)'' to [[m|en|incline]] to, favour.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[inclīnābilis]]

+ * [[inclīnāmentum]]

+ * [[inclīnātiō]]

+ * [[inclinatiuus]]

+ * [[inclīnātus]]

+ * [[inclīnis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[acclīnō]]

+ * [[dēclīnō]]

+ * [[reclīnō]]

+ * [[en|incline]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}