exaudio Latin · revision 31149

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *awizdje/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈsau̯.di.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eɡˈzaːu̯.di.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exaudiō''' (present infinitive exaudīre, perfect active exaudīvī or exaudiī, supine exaudītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has the old imperfect ''exaudibam''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ex-]] and [[m|la|audiō|t=to hear]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨audiō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*awizdje/o-|t=to hear]], probably a compound of [[ine-pro|*h₂ewis|t=clearly, manifestly]] and the root [[m|ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-|t=to put, make]], “to make manifest”; cognate with [[sa|आविस्|tr=āvís|t=evidently]] and [[grc|ἀΐω|tr=aḯō|t=to perceive, hear]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is Plautus' ''Mercator'': “what she is saying I can't make out from here”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is first to catch something with the ear, to hear clearly, as Plautus' “I couldn't quite hear, but I wasn't mistaken about the talk”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to listen or attend to, as Cicero's “we do not listen to ourselves”, and in Seneca to understand something in a certain way.^(OLD 2012) Then it is to heed advice, as Horace's “adviser not listened to”, and to hear a prayer favourably, as Virgil's “vows heard by none of the gods”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “hear favourably, hear graciously, hearken to, answer”.^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of hearing clearly.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of listening.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of prayers heard by the gods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of heeding advice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|hear]] clearly, catch (a sound), make out.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To listen or attend to; to understand (in a given way).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To heed, comply with.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To hear (a prayer) favourably, grant, ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' to [[m|en|hearken]] to, answer.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exaudībilis]]

+ * [[exaudītiō]]

+ * [[exaudītor]]

+ * [[exaudiēns]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[audiō]]

+ * [[inaudiō]]

+ * [[indaudiō]]

+ * [[obaudiō]]

+ * [[subaudiō]]

+ * [[oboediō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}