privatim Latin · revision 31147

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *prei-wo-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prīvātim''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ An inscription spells it ''preivatim''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|prīvātus|t=private]] with the adverbial suffix [[m|la|-im]];^(OLD 2012) the TLL derives it from [[m|la|prīvō|t=to deprive]], as [[m|la|sēparātim]] from ⟨sēparō⟩.^(TLL) These belong to [[m|la|prīvus|t=separate, one's own]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*preiwo-|t=separate, individual]] and [[ine-pro|*prei-wo-]], probably from the stem of [[m|la|prior]] with a shift from “in front” to “separate”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xum|preve|t=separately]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Plautus as its first author,^(Köbler 2010) who has “it would be kept much more safely here in private” in the ''Bacchides''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is in a private capacity, as opposed to ''pūblicē'', as Cato's “how much more cautiously we act privately among ourselves” and Cicero's eloquence that harms men “both privately and publicly”, and also in a private place.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cato uses it of land held separately by individual peoples, and Vitruvius of individual ways.^(OLD 2012) In Pliny the Elder it means peculiarly or specially, and also particularly or above all.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin used it in the Bible and councils.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of keeping something in private.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of private conduct and separate holdings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero opposed to ''pūblicē''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of “specially”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|privately|alt=Privately]], in a private capacity; in private.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Separately, individually.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Peculiarly, specially; particularly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[prīvātus]]

+ * [[prīvus]]

+ * [[pūblicē]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}