indignor Latin · revision 31140

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *deḱ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪnˈdɪŋ.nɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [inˈdiɲ.ɲor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''indignor''' (present infinitive indignārī or indignārier, perfect active indignātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Lucretius has the archaic infinitive ''indignārier''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|indignus|t=unworthy]] with the verbal suffix [[m|la|-ō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ⟨Indignus⟩ is the negative of [[m|la|dignus|t=worthy]], which de Vaan derives from the root of [[m|la|decet|t=it is fitting]], [[itc-pro|*dekno-|t=worthy]], from [[ine-pro|*deḱ-no-]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first example is Cicero's ''De inventione'', which advises saying that what the opponents resent seems unworthy to you too.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to regard something as unworthy, to take offence at, resent or disdain it, with an object, an infinitive, as Lucretius' “will you hesitate and resent dying?”, an accusative and infinitive, as Matius' “I resent that the man I loved has perished”, or ''quod'', as Caesar's soldiers indignant that the enemy could bear the sight of them.^(OLD 2012) Used absolutely it is to be indignant, to complain or protest, as Sulpicius' “do we little men resent it if one of us dies?”, and Livy's loud cries of those protesting on their own behalf.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “be angry, be indignant, be offended, consider unworthy”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of resentment.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius with an infinitive.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of indignant soldiers.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of protest.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To regard as unworthy, take offence at, [[m|en|resent]], disdain.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To be [[m|en|indignant]], complain, protest.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[indignābundus]]

+ * [[indignāns]]

+ * [[indignātiō]]

+ * [[indignātiuncula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[indignus]]

+ * [[dignus]]

+ * [[stomachor]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein says that ''aegrē'' or ''graviter ferre'' and [[suscēnseō]] are silent displeasure, while [[īrāscor]], ''indignārī'' and [[stomachor]] are loud.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}