mature Latin · revision 31137

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *meh₂-tu-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [maːˈtuː.rɛ], [maːˈtuː.reː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [maˈtuː.re], [maˈtuː.re]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mātūrē''' (comparative mātūrius, superlative mātūrissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|mātūrus|t=ripe, timely]] with the adverbial suffix [[m|la|-ē]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives ⟨mātūrus⟩ from a noun [[itc-pro|*mātu-|t=ripeness]], from [[ine-pro|*meh₂-tu-|t=ripeness]], the root also seen in [[m|la|mānus|t=good]] and in [[m|la|mātūtīnus|t=of the early morning]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Plautus as its first author,^(Köbler 2010) who has the saying that whoever makes money quickly will go hungry quickly unless he saves it quickly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is first “quickly”, so as to anticipate the expected course of events, as in Plautus, and “in good time”, as Cato's “see that you finish all your work in good time”.^(OLD 2012) It is “early”, as Cicero's man who rose much earlier than ever before, and “at an early age”, as Terence's young man learning early the ways of courtesans.^(OLD 2012) In Pliny the Younger it is “with mature judgement”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ The superlative is both ''mātūrrimē'' (Cato, Cicero, Caesar, Sallust, Tacitus) and ''mātūrissimē''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of “quickly”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of “in good time”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of “at an early age”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of “early”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Quickly, speedily; in good time.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|early|alt=Early]]; at an early age.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # With mature judgement.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[mātūrus]]

+ * [[mātūrō]]

+ * [[mātūtīnus]]

+ * [[praemātūrus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}