incola Latin · revision 31116

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kʷelh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪŋ.kɔ.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈiŋ.ko.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''incola''' ''m'' or f (genitive incolae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|incolō|t=to inhabit]] with the suffix [[m|la|-a]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb is a compound of [[m|la|in-|t=in]] and [[m|la|colō|t=to dwell, till]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*kʷele/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*kʷelh₁-|t=to go round]], cognate with [[sa|चरति|tr=cárati|t=moves]] and [[grc|πέλομαι|tr=pélomai|t=to move, be]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Plautus as its first author,^(Köbler 2010) who calls on “citizens, countrymen, inhabitants, neighbours, newcomers, all” in the ''Aulularia''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is an inhabitant of a place, masculine or feminine (Phaedrus and Prudentius have it as a feminine).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In a narrower sense it is a resident alien as opposed to a citizen, as Cicero's people of Halicyae, whose resident aliens pay tithes while the citizens' own lands are exempt.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Church Latin and medieval charters it is a dweller or resident, especially one with a domicile.^(Stelten 1995)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of the inhabitants of a place.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of resident aliens.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 15 BC–c. 50 AD – Phaedrus as a feminine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|inhabitant]], [[m|en|resident]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A resident alien, [[m|en|denizen]] (as opposed to a citizen).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[incolō]]

+ * [[colō]]

+ * [[accola]]

+ * [[inquilīnus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein says that [[incolō]] is transitive, “to inhabit”, with reference to the country to which someone belongs, while [[habitō]] is intransitive, “to dwell”, with reference to the house.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}