exclamo Latin · revision 31110

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kelh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈskɫaː.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ekˈsklaː.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exclāmō''' (present infinitive exclāmāre, perfect active exclāmāvī, supine exclāmātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ex-|t=out]] and [[m|la|clāmō|t=to shout]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan takes ⟨clāmō⟩ as a verb made from a noun meaning “shout”, from [[itc-pro|*klāmo-]] and [[ine-pro|*klh₁-mo-]], from the root of [[m|la|calō|t=to call out]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first examples are from Plautus' ''Amphitruo'', where someone “cries out at the top of his voice: ‘Alcmena, don't be afraid’” and “loudly calls out your wife's name”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to cry out or exclaim, as Terence's “I nearly cried out for joy”, and in Cicero of runners in the stadium who shout as loud as they can.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to say something aloud, with an object or with direct or indirect speech, as Livy's word “shouted out rashly by one man”, and to call someone by name.^(OLD 2012) Statius uses it of a fire roaring in the leaves.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “cry out, exclaim”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of crying out and calling by name.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of crying out for joy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of runners shouting.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1560s – English [[m|en|exclaim]], from ''exclāmātiō'' or French ''exclamer''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cry out, [[m|en|exclaim]], shout, (of things) to make a loud noise.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To say aloud, declaim.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To call out the name of (someone).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exclāmātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[clāmō]]

+ * [[clāmor]]

+ * [[en|exclaim]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}