obsum Latin · revision 31107

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁es-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɔp.sũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɔb.sum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obsum''' (present infinitive obesse, perfect active obfuī, future active participle obfutūrus); irregular conjugation, suppletive, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, no gerund^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect is also spelled ''offuī'', and the prefix ''ops-''.^(OLD 2012)

+ Terence has the old subjunctive ''obsiet''.^(OLD 2012)

+ Festus (in Paul the Deacon) records a future ''obescet'', glossed “will harm or will help”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a compound of [[m|la|ob-|t=against]] and [[m|la|sum|t=to be]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of ⟨sum⟩, which goes back to [[itc-pro|*es-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁es-|t=to be]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to be a hindrance or disadvantage, to do harm, usually with the dative, and is the opposite of [[prōsum]] “to be of use”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) With the dative it is also to tell against someone, to damage their reputation, as Terence's “so that the name of gain may not tell against me”.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “be against, be prejudicial to, hinder, injure”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of harming a reputation, with the old subjunctive ''obsiet''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be a [[m|en|hindrance]] or disadvantage (to), be prejudicial, do harm; the opposite of ''prōdesse''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(with dative)'' To tell against (someone), damage the reputation of.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sum]]

+ * [[prōsum]]

+ * [[noceō]]

+ * [[officiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}