nato Latin · revision 31094

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *(s)neh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈna.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈnaː.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''natō''' (present infinitive natāre, perfect active natāvī, supine natātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|nō|t=to swim]] with the frequentative suffix [[m|la|-tō]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan explains it as built on a participle ⟨*natos⟩ of that verb, from [[itc-pro|*(s)nato-|t=bathed]] and [[ine-pro|*(s)nh₂-to-]], from the root [[m|ine-pro|*(s)neh₂-|t=to swim, float]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|snáïd|t=to swim]], [[sa|स्नाति|tr=snā́ti|t=bathes]] and [[grc|νήχω|tr=nḗkhō|t=to swim]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus has it of swimming in the ''Rudens'' and of a lot floating on the water in the ''Casina''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to swim, especially as exercise, as Cicero's “a man so very keen on swimming”, and with the accusative to swim across, as Virgil's lover crossing the straits by night.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is to float, and by extension to lie on a surface, as roots near the surface (Columella), and of birds to glide.^(OLD 2012) Things are said to swim when drenched, as Lucretius' plains flooded by rivers.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Figuratively it is to sway or waver, as the balance in the Tibullan corpus, of the eyes to swim, as Virgil's “swimming eyes” closed by sleep, and of persons to be at a loss, as Cicero's “you seemed to me to swim more than Neptune himself”, Varro uses it of usage that keeps changing.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “swim”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of swimming and floating.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of fluctuating usage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of flooded plains.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of wavering.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of swimming eyes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|swim]], ''(with accusative)'' to swim across.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|float]]; to lie on a surface, (of birds) to glide.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be drenched, flooded.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To sway, rock, (of the eyes) to swim.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # (of persons) To be at a loss, [[m|en|waver]], (of usage) to fluctuate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abnatō]]

+ * [[adnatō]]

+ * [[dēnatō]]

+ * [[ēnatō]]

+ * [[innatō]]

+ * [[natabilis]]

+ * [[natābulum]]

+ * [[natābundus]]

+ * [[natātilis]]

+ * [[natātiō]]

+ * [[natātor]]

+ * [[natātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nō]]

+ * [[en|natatorium]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}