imploro Latin · revision 31084

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la plōrō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪmˈpɫoː.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [imˈplɔː.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''implōrō''' (present infinitive implōrāre, perfect active implōrāvī, supine implōrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inplōrō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|in-|plōrō|t2=to cry out, wail]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan finds no etymology for ⟨plōrō⟩, and finds Szemerényi's derivation from a dissimilated [[m|la|*prōrō]] unlikely.^(de Vaan 2008) The TLL compares the formation of [[m|la|invocō|t=to call upon]] and [[m|la|inclāmō|t=to call out to]].^(TLL) Paul's epitome of Festus records an archaic ⟨endoplōrātō⟩, glossed “cry out with complaint”, and explains ⟨implōrāre⟩ as asking with tears.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In the ''Rudens'' a girl cries ''vostram ego implōrō fidem, agricolae'', “I beg your protection, farmers”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to ask for help or protection with earnest entreaty, as in Plautus, and to call on a person or a god for aid, as in Cicero's “whom shall the allies call upon?”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero also appeals to a person's knowledge or memory and to the laws and the rights of citizens.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “implore, beseech”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|implore]] (c. 1500) comes from it, partly through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of begging for protection.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of calling on persons, gods and laws.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1500 – English [[m|en|implore]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To ask for (help, protection) with earnest [[m|en|entreaty]]; to [[m|en|beg]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To call on (a person, a god) for aid; to [[m|en|invoke]], appeal to.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To appeal to (laws, rights, a person's memory).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[implōrātiō]]

+ * [[implōrābilis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[plōrō]]

+ * [[explōrō]]

+ * [[en|implore]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}