similitudo Latin · revision 31081

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=220–130 BC, Pacuvius|origins=ine-pro *smh₂-el-i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sɪ.mɪ.lɪˈtuː.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [si.mi.liˈtuː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''similitūdō''' ''f'' (genitive similitūdinis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|similis|-tūdō|t1=like]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan traces ⟨similis⟩ to [[itc-pro|*semali-|t=alike, together]] and [[ine-pro|*smh₂-el-i-]]; it is cognate with [[sga|samail|t=likeness]], [[cy|hafal|t=like]] and [[grc|ὁμαλός|tr=homalós|t=level]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Pacuvius as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In a tragedy of his a character recognises someone ''vōcis … similitūdine'', by the likeness of the voice.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is likeness or resemblance, with ''similitūdō vērī'' the appearance of truth, probability (Cicero), a shared nature, and ''ad similitūdinem'' “after the manner of”.^(OLD 2012) It is also something that resembles another thing, a likeness in a painting or statue (Velleius), the use of a parallel case, a comparison, simile or analogy, which the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' defines as a figure of speech, and sameness or monotony, which Cicero calls the mother of satiety.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “likeness, parable”,^(Stelten 1995) and medieval Latin used it for an example, comparison or [[m|en|parable]].^(Niermeyer 1976) English [[m|en|similitude]] (late 14th century) comes from it, partly through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius of likeness of voice.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of probability and monotony.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 20 BC–30 AD – Velleius of a portrait likeness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|similitude]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Likeness, [[m|en|resemblance]], similarity, ''similitūdō vērī'', probability.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Something that resembles another; a [[m|en|likeness]], portrait.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A comparison, [[m|en|simile]], [[m|en|analogy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Sameness, uniformity, monotony.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A parable.^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vērisimilitūdō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[similigenus]]

+ * [[similis]]

+ * [[similitās]]

+ * [[similiter]]

+ * [[simulācrum]]

+ * [[simulāmen]]

+ * [[simulāmentum]]

+ * [[simulāns]]

+ * [[simulanter]]

+ * [[simulātē]]

+ * [[simulō]]

+ * [[en|similitude]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}