apparatus Latin · revision 31075

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la parō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ap.paˈraː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ap.paˈraː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''apparātus''' ''m'' (genitive apparātūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''adparātus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|apparō|t=to prepare, provide]] with the suffix [[m|la|-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The verb is [[m|la|ad-]] and [[m|la|parō|t=to prepare]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*parāje/o-]], perhaps a verb made from a noun [[ine-pro|*prh₃-o-|t=providing]], from the root of [[sa|पृणाति|tr=pṛṇā́ti|t=to give, grant]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the OLD find the noun first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) who counts preparation (''apparātus'') among the things asked about before a deed.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the act of preparing, the building or equipping of something, as the building of a fleet (Cicero), and providing (Vitruvius).^(OLD 2012) It is display and pomp (Cicero), the trappings of a feast or of oratory, and instruments or equipment, the gear of public games, engines of war and a stock of arms (Livy).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “preparation, equipment”.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval Latin it was armament, the vessels of the liturgy, and a commentary, above all Accursius' gloss on the Digest and the Code.^(Niermeyer 1976) English [[m|en|apparatus]] (1620s) is a collection of tools for some end.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of preparation, pomp and armaments.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius of supplying.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of a store of arms.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1620s – English [[m|en|apparatus]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|preparation|alt=Preparation]]; building, equipping; providing.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Display, [[m|en|pomp]], sumptuousness.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Trappings; rhetorical embellishments.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Instruments, [[m|en|equipment]]; the gear of public games; engines of war.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A stock, store.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Liturgical vessels; a [[m|en|commentary]], gloss (on law books).^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[apparō]]

+ * [[parō]]

+ * [[en|apparatus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The participle ''apparātus, -a, -um'' is also an adjective, “prepared”, and of public games “sumptuous”: Cicero has ''lūdōs apparātissimōs'';^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' uses it of a laboured style.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}