expers Latin · revision 31073

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *parti-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɛk.spɛrs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɛk.spers]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''expers''' (genitive expertis); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Turpilius has the form ''expars''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|ex-|pars|t1=out of, without|t2=part, share]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan traces ⟨pars⟩ to [[itc-pro|*parti-|t=part]] and reports Schrijver's view that it was made from the present stem of [[m|la|pariō|t=to bring forth]], first meaning “lot, portion”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler give Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) In the ''Amphitruo'' Sosia complains that his master is himself free of toil (''labōris expers'').^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is having no share, as Accius' exile “without hope, without a share”, and so lacking or deprived of something, as Terence's girl who must not be left without a share of the family property.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means taking no part in a matter (Cicero), free or immune from something, and in Pliny the Elder unused to, without experience of.^(OLD 2012) It usually takes the genitive, less often the ablative.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “lacking in, destitute”,^(Stelten 1995) and medieval Latin also used it for ''expertus'', “experienced”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of being free of toil.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of lacking a share.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius of an exile without a share.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder of people unused to wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Having no share (in), not taking part (in).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Lacking, [[m|en|destitute]] (of), without.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Free (from), [[m|en|immune]] (from).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Without experience (of), unacquainted (with).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[inexpers]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pars]]

+ * [[particeps]]

+ * [[expertus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}