adigo Latin · revision 31062

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂eǵ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈa.dɪ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈaː.di.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adigō''' (present infinitive adigere, perfect active adēgī, supine adāctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has an old subjunctive ''adaxint'' for ''adēgerint''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|ad-|agō|t1=to|t2=to drive]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces ⟨agō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*age/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂eǵ-e/o-|t=to drive, lead]], and compares [[sga|aigid|t=drives]];^(de Vaan 2008) the TLL sets beside it the compound [[m|sga|ad·aig|t=drives, impels]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it of driving animals: ''quis hās hūc ovīs adēgit?'', “who drove these sheep here?”, in the ''Bacchides''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to drive cattle or people to a place, and to force under the yoke or into a shape, as Propertius' pine forced into the form of a prow.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is to bring near, to bring up ships (Tacitus), to shoot a missile so that it reaches its target, as Caesar's missiles that could not reach the high ships, to drive a stake into the ground (Cato), and to plunge a weapon in, as Lucretius' spear driven deep, or inflict a wound (Virgil).^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is to drive someone to an action, as Plautus' “may the gods drive me to hang myself”, and in law to compel a person to go before an arbitrator (Cicero).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “impel, drive, drive to”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of driving sheep.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of driving in a stake.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of a weapon driven in.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of hurling missiles.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of compelling someone before an arbitrator.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|drive]] (cattle, persons) to a place.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To force (under the yoke, into a shape).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring near; to bring up (ships).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To shoot, [[m|en|hurl]] (a missile) home.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To drive in (a stake, wedge); to [[m|en|thrust]] (a weapon) in; to inflict (a wound).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To drive, [[m|en|impel]] (to an action); ''(law)'' to compel (to go before an arbitrator).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adāctiō]]

+ * [[adactus]]

+ * [[trānsadigō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[agō]]

+ * [[cōgō]]

+ * [[subigō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes [[cōgō|alt=cōgere]], to compel by force and power, from ''adigere'', to bring someone to something by reasons and motives.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}