impar Latin · revision 31054

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la pār}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪm.paːr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈim.par]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''impār''' (genitive imparis, adverb impariter); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inpār''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ The ablative is ''imparī'', but Virgil has ''impare'' in verse.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|in-|pār|t1=not|t2=equal]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan finds the origin of ⟨pār⟩ and its long vowel disputed; he prefers to explain it from an older [[itc-pro|*paros]], comparing [[xum|pars|t=prescribed]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler give Cato as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) In ''On Agriculture'' he says oil mills should have unequal millstones, so that they can be exchanged when worn.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is unequal in size, and unequal or different in quality or rank, as Sallust's brave and cowardly men, alike in danger but unequal in fame, and Seneca's “we are born unequal, we die equal”.^(OLD 2012) Of forces it is unequal in number, usually weaker, as in Caesar, of a contest uneven, of a person no match for another or unequal to a task, as one unequal to command in Livy.^(OLD 2012) It is also uneven or inconsistent, as Horace's singer so unlike himself, and of numbers odd: Cicero asks whether the number of stars is even or odd, and ''pār impār lūdere'' is to play “odd or even”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “unequal, uneven, dissimilar”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of millstones.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of odd numbers and unequal contests.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of unequal fame.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of inconsistency and the game “odd or even”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Unequal (in size).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Unequal, different (in quality or rank); inferior.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Unequal in number or strength, ''(of a contest)'' uneven.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Not a match (for); unequal (to a task).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Uneven, inconsistent.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of numbers)'' [[m|en|odd]], ''pār impār lūdere'', to play “odd or even”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[imparitās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pār]]

+ * [[dispār]]

+ * [[aequus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}