fremitus Latin · revision 31053

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *bʰrem-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈfrɛ.mɪ.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈfrɛː.mi.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fremitus''' ''m'' (genitive fremitūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|fremō|t=to roar, murmur]] with the suffix [[m|la|-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan traces the verb to [[itc-pro|*freme/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*bʰrem-e/o-|t=to hum, rumble]], though the root's exact form is not certain; it is cognate with [[cy|brefu|t=to bleat, roar]] and [[gmh|brimmen|t=to roar]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author,^(de Vaan 2008) who has the sky echoing with the roar of men in the ''Amphitruo''.^(OLD 2012) Ennius has the forest rustling with the sound of its leaves.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a deep, continuous sound, the roar or rumble of natural things, the snorting of a horse before battle (Lucretius), and the noise of crowds and commotion.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also grumbling or muttering, as Cicero's “what grumbling of men, what angry minds!”, and a buzz of applause, as the loud murmur and shouting that greeted a speech.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “anger, fury, murmuring, shouting, clashing”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of the roar of warriors.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of rustling leaves.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of a horse snorting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of grumbling and applause.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A dull, continuous sound, [[m|en|roar]], [[m|en|rumble]], hum; snorting.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The noise of a crowd.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|grumbling|alt=Grumbling]], muttering.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A murmur of applause.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fremō]]

+ * [[strepitus]]

+ * [[murmur]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}