aspernor Latin · revision 31049

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *sper-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [aːsˈpɛr.nɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [asˈpɛr.nor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''āspernor''' (present infinitive āspernārī, perfect active āspernātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ab-|t=away]], the stem of [[m|la|spernō|t=to spurn]] and the verb ending [[m|la|-or]], with ⟨ab-⟩ reduced to ⟨as-⟩ as in [[m|la|asportō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) De Vaan traces ⟨spernō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*sperne/o-]] and a nasal present of [[ine-pro|*sp(ʰ)er-|t=to kick]], cognate with [[sa|स्फुरति|tr=sphuráti|t=pushes away with the foot]], [[lt|spìrti|t=to kick]] and [[hit|išpar-|t=to trample]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In the ''Asinaria'' a young man complains that his embrace is being refused (''meum autem hic aspernātur'').^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to push away, as Varro's piglets that turn away from mothers short of milk, and more often to feel or show aversion, to scorn or spurn persons, as Scipio did not despise that sort of soldier (Livy), and things or statements, as the philosophy that Rome never scorned and claims that everyone's mind rejects (Cicero).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to refuse something offered, to turn a deaf ear to complaints, to repulse a lover, and to refuse to accept a judgement or rule.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “despise”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a refused embrace.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of sows rejecting their young.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of scorn and refusal.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of soldiers not despised.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To push away, [[m|en|repel]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|scorn]], [[m|en|spurn]], despise.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To refuse, reject (an offer); to repulse (a person).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To refuse to accept (a judgement, rule).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aspernabilis]]

+ * [[aspernamentum]]

+ * [[āspernātiō]]

+ * [[aspernator]]

+ * [[āspernanter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[spernō]]

+ * [[contemnō]]

+ * [[dēspiciō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes [[spernō|alt=spernere]], despising as an inward feeling, holding cheap, from ''aspernārī'', the outward expression of that feeling, rejecting with aversion something offered or pressed on one, like [[recūsō|alt=recūsāre]] and [[abnuō|alt=abnuere]].^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}