reliquiae Latin · revision 31047

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *leykʷ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛˈlɪ.kʷi.ae̯]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [reˈliː.kʷi.e]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''reliquiae''' ''f pl'' (genitive reliquiārum); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Poets scan the first syllable long and sometimes spell it ''relliquiae''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Apuleius has a singular.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|reliquus|t=remaining]] with the suffix [[m|la|-ia]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives it from an older [[itc-pro|*relikuwia]], from the stem of [[m|la|relinquō|t=to leave behind]], a compound of [[m|la|linquō|t=to leave]], which goes back to the nasal present [[ine-pro|*li-n-kʷ-]] of [[m|ine-pro|*leykʷ-|t=to leave]]; it is cognate with [[grc|λείπω|tr=leípō|t=to leave]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In the ''Mostellaria'' a slave fears that, unless the master returns, only a few months' remnants will be left of his goods.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is what remains, remnants, the leftovers of a meal (Plautus has scraps warmed up), and the consequences that remain of something, as Cicero's ''reliquiae'' of a common disaster.^(OLD 2012) It is the remains of the dead, especially the ashes after cremation, already in Pacuvius, the survivors of a group or of an event, as Virgil's Trojans, “the leavings of the Greeks and of cruel Achilles”, and the unfinished remainder of a task (Cicero).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Church and medieval Latin it was above all the relics of saints.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of remnants and scraps.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius of the remains of the dead.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of consequences and of unfinished work.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of survivors.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Remnants, remains; [[m|en|leftovers]] (of a meal).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The [[m|en|remains]] of the dead, ashes.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Survivors.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Vestiges, traces; the remainder (of a task).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|relic|alt=Relics]] (of saints).^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[relinquō]]

+ * [[reliquus]]

+ * [[linquō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}