exspectatio Latin · revision 31046

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *speḱ-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exspectātiō''' ''f'' (genitive exspectātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''expectātiō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|exspectō|-tiō|t1=to wait for, expect]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The verb is [[m|la|ex-]] and [[m|la|spectō|t=to look at]], from [[m|la|speciō|t=to look]], which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*spekje/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*speḱ-|t=to look]], cognate with [[sa|पश्यति|tr=páśyati|t=sees]] and [[grc|σκέπτομαι|tr=sképtomai|t=to look at]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus;^(de Vaan 2008) the OLD's first example is Accius: “waiting in hope often makes the brave a coward”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is waiting in suspense, hopeful expectancy, as Cicero's speech heard by many “with great expectation”, and longing to know something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also the expectation of what is to come: in Cicero nothing raises a laugh more than what is contrary to expectation, and ''in exspectātiōne esse'' is to be awaited.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “expectation, hope, waiting, longing”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|expectation]] (1530s) comes from it, perhaps through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius of waiting in hope.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of expectancy and the unexpected.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English [[m|en|expectation]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Waiting, [[m|en|suspense]]; expectancy; longing (to know).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|expectation|alt=Expectation]] (of what will happen).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Hope.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[exspectō]]

+ * [[spectō]]

+ * [[speciō]]

+ * [[en|expectation]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}