sarcina Latin · revision 31027

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *serk-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsar.kɪ.na]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsar.t͡ʃi.na]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sarcina''' ''f'' (genitive sarcinae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is related to [[m|la|sarciō|t=to patch, mend]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) and de Vaan lists it among that verb's derivatives.^(de Vaan 2008) He traces ⟨sarciō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*sarkje/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*sr̥k-ye/o-|t=to make good, emend]], cognate with [[hit|šarnink-|t=to compensate]] and [[grc|ἕρκος|tr=hérkos|t=fence, enclosure]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler give Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) In the ''Trinummus'' a young man abroad must carry shield, helmet and pack (''sarcina'').^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a bundle tied up to be carried, a soldier's pack, and in the plural baggage and movable belongings, as Martial's “wife, luggage and slaves are safe”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short note that classical prose uses only the plural, and Cicero not at all.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also a load or burden, the bulk of the body that crushes the mind (Seneca), and a responsibility, as Ovid's wife entrusted to friends as their burden.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “burden, pack”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a soldier's pack.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of a burden and a responsibility.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of the bulk of the body.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of belongings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|pack]], bundle; a soldier's kit.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(plural)'' [[m|en|baggage]], belongings.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A load, [[m|en|burden]]; bulk.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A burden, responsibility.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cōnsarcinō]]

+ * [[sarcinalis]]

+ * [[sarcinārius]]

+ * [[sarcinātor]]

+ * [[sarcinātrix]]

+ * [[sarcinātus]]

+ * [[sarcinōsus]]

+ * [[sarcinula]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sarciō]]

+ * [[fascis]]

+ * [[impedīmentum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}