fascis Latin · revision 31012

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *faski-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈfas.kɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈfaʃ.ʃis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fascis''' ''m'' (genitive fascis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*faski-|t=bundle]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan calls it an Italo-Celtic word, [[m|ine-pro|*bʰaski(o)-]], without a wider Indo-European etymology; cognate with [[sga|basc|t=necklace]], [[cy|baich|t=burden]] and [[br|bec'h|t=load]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) The OLD and Lewis and Short compare [[grc|φάκελος|tr=phákelos|t=bundle]], but de Vaan thinks it and the gloss [[m|grc|βάσκιοι|tr=báskioi|t=bundles of osiers]] unrelated, because their forms vary irregularly within Greek.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it of the lictors' rods: in the ''Epidicus'' a slave is told that all his “praetorship” lacks is two lictors and “two elm bundles of rods”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a bundle of sticks or brushwood, a faggot (Sisenna), and a bundle carried as a load, as Virgil's “I'll relieve you of this burden”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Most often, in the plural, it is the bundle of rods, usually with an axe, carried by the lictors before the higher magistrates, and so the power or office of a magistrate (Cicero) and in Lucan the magistrates themselves.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ English took the plural as [[m|en|fasces]] in the 1590s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of the lictors' rods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 120–67 BC – Sisenna of bundles of brushwood.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of magistrates' power.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a burden.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1590s – English [[m|en|fasces]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|bundle]] (of sticks), a [[m|en|faggot]]; a packet.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A load, burden.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(usually plural)'' The [[m|en|fasces]], a bundle of rods with an axe carried by [[m|en|lictor|alt=lictors]] before a magistrate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(plural)'' The power or office of a magistrate, ''(Lucan)'' the magistrates.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fasciculus]]

+ * [[fasciger]]

+ * [[fascīna]]

+ * [[fasciātim]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fascia]]

+ * [[sarcina]]

+ * [[en|fasces]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}