iussum Latin · revision 30958

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *Hyowdʰ-eye/o-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iussum''' ''n'' (genitive iussī); second declension^(OLD 2012)

+ It is also spelled ''jussum''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the neuter of ⟨iussus⟩, the past participle of [[m|la|iubeō|t=to order]], used as a noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan traces ⟨iubeō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*jouþ-eje/o-]] and a causative [[ine-pro|*Hyowdʰ-eye/o-|t=to cause to move]], cognate with [[sa|युध्|tr=yúdh|t=fight]] and [[lt|judė́ti|t=to move]]; the sense went from “set moving” to “order”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler gives Cicero as its first author.^(Köbler 2010) In the ''Pro Roscio Amerino'' people are said to have acted ''deōrum … iussīs atque ōrāculīs'', at the gods' commands and oracles.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a command or order, mostly in the plural, the ablative singular being supplied by [[iussū]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short also give “law”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil's messenger of the gods carries dread commands through the air, and the poets and historians have ''iussa facere'', ''capessere'', ''exsequī'' and ''spernere'', to carry out, take up, execute and scorn orders.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Ovid it is what one is told to give, as a doctor's orders.^(OLD 2012) The Vulgate has ''iussa explēre'' and ''complēre''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the gods' commands.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of carrying out orders.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of commands borne by the gods' messenger.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of a doctor's orders.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – the Vulgate.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|command]], [[m|en|order]] (mostly plural); a law.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # What one is ordered to provide; a prescription.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iubeō]]

+ * [[iussus]]

+ * [[iussū]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}