denuntio Latin · revision 30936

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|origins=la nūntius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈnuːn.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈnun.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēnūntiō''' (present infinitive dēnūntiāre, perfect active dēnūntiāvī, supine dēnūntiātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''dēnunciō'', and an old inscription probably has ''dēnontiō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|dē-|nūntiō|t2=to announce]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The verb comes from [[m|la|nūntius|t=messenger]], probably from ⟨*nountio-⟩, whose further origin de Vaan finds unclear: it has been linked with a root “to cry” and with [[m|la|novus|t=new]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first in the Lex Bantina.^(TLL) Lewis and Short take it to be first a term of public law, religion and legal procedure, for an official announcement.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to announce in advance, often by prophecy, as Cicero speaks of the day of doom foretold for the state, and of things to signify, as arms that announce protection, not danger.^(OLD 2012) It is to threaten (Cicero: he threatened violence), to declare formally, to order, and to give notice to do or not to do something.^(OLD 2012) In law ''testimōnium dēnūntiāre'' is to summon a witness, and it is to serve a summons, ''domum dēnūntiāre'' at someone's house.^(OLD 2012) Cicero and Livy use it often, but poets avoid it.^(TLL)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “announce, declare, proclaim; threaten, denounce”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of foretelling, threatening, ordering and summoning.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, often.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca of what is announced in advance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To give notice of, [[m|en|announce]] in advance;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(of things)'' to signify.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|threaten]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To declare formally, proclaim.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To order, [[m|en|enjoin]]; to give notice (to do something).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(law)'' To [[m|en|summon]]; to serve a summons.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To [[m|en|denounce]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēnūntiātiō]]

+ * [[denuntiatiuus]]

+ * [[dēnuntiātor]]

+ * [[indēnuntiātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nūntiō]]

+ * [[nūntius]]

+ * [[ēnūntiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}